Before his arrival, Mr Trump piled praise on Mr Xi, saying he was looking forward to meeting the Chinese president after “his great political victory”.
Mr Xi recently consolidated his power at a Chinese Communist Party congress, a move analysts say will make him less likely to reach compromise with Mr Trump.
Despite his congratulations, there are tensions between the two men, with Mr Trump having attacked China over its allegedly unfair trade practices.
The US president and his wife Melania are scheduled to visit the Forbidden City, for centuries the home of China’s emperors, followed by afternoon tea.