In my opinion, the name itself is a little misleading: Leaky Gut Syndrome.
It’s true that the problem first erupts in the gut. It’s true that this syndrome involves ‘leaks’ in your gut lining.
But it’s not true that the syndrome just stays in the gut. As you’re about to find out, leaky gut syndrome can cause a cascade of other issues, ranging from allergies to autism. Luckily, there’s lots we can do to fix it!
What Is Leaky Gut Syndrome?
Put simply, the gut and all the connecting tissues from our mouth to the anus is a tube. The role of this tube is twofold; to extract nutrients and energy from the food we eat and expel waste.
From a medical perspective, this tube is technically considered to be outside the body. It sounds crazy, I know! But if you think about it, this tube is the gateway for external things such as food and water to enter our internal environment (i.e. the bloodstream).
The lining of our gut is a crucial barrier that controls what goes into our bloodstream. While we do want to absorb the goodness from our food, we don’t want to absorb waste, toxins and bad bacteria. The lining of our gut is designed to let through the good stuff and prevent us from absorbing anything potentially harmful.
As such, the lining of our gut involves complex physiological systems of defense. Firstly, the cells which line our gut are designed to be tightly packed together, in order to prevent large molecules from squeezing through before they have been digested and broken down. Furthermore, up to 75% of our immune cells are stationed near our gut wall, to act as further guards against unwanted intrusions into our bloodstream.
In Leaky Gut Syndrome, a few aspects of the defense system in our gut break down. Firstly, inflammation in the intestines can damage the cells that line our gut, essentially making the lining more permeable. (It’s a bit like pricking small holes in your garden hose!) Secondly, the immune cells in the gut wall tend to work less effectively. Rogue substances are therefore able to enter your bloodstream, such as proteins, food particles, toxins and bad bacteria.
However, our body still has a few tricks up its sleeve! The bloodstream is filled with immune cells that locate foreign invaders and disable them. So when foreign substances unwittingly leak across the gut and into the blood where they don’t belong, the immune system mounts an inflammatory response that is designed to disarm these potentially harmful particles.
You’ve seen this in action with your very own eyes! Think of when you are stung by a bee and a swollen patch of skin breaks out. This is your immune system working its magic to disarm any harmful chemicals from the bee sting and bring blood to the assaulted tissues for healing.
Inflammation from an acute injury (like a bee sting) is helpful and healthy. It’s when we are chronically inflamed that things can go wrong.
Leaky gut syndrome is believed to cause chronic, low-grade inflammation. This is because the immune system is constantly fighting those particles from the gut that aren’t meant to make it through to the bloodstream. Systemic, chronic inflammation of this nature is associated with a higher risk of getting the following conditions:
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Certain immune disorders and thyroid issues,
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Food intolerances,
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Fatigue,
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Joint pain and arthritis,
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Anxiety, depression and other mood disorders,
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Skin breakouts and rashes,
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Headaches,
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Bloating,
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Eczema,
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Asthma,
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Inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Crohn’s Disease,
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Frequent colds and infections.